… To date, these include oxidative and nitrosative stress [9, 33], adverse alterations in the
glutamate-glutamine cycle, changes in mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) [34], effects …

… The role of RNA oxidation in ammonia neurotoxicity and HE … The ammonia-induced RONS
formation activates a number … , ammonia- and hypoosmolarity-induced nitrosative stress in …

… of oxidative/nitrosative stress is closely related to the pathogenesis of cerebral ammonia …
The exact mechanism of ammonia neurotoxicity is not completely understood. In pediatric …

… Unlike other studies on ammonia neurotoxicity, we observed the upregulation of several key
antioxidant enzymes (CAT, GPX, and GR) and the maintenance of other enzymatic activities …

… Increased NMDA receptor activity stimulates nitric oxide synthesis and generates
oxidative/nitrosative stress (ONS), eliciting a self-amplifying loop of astrocytic impairment. Increased …

… Increased oxidative stress is present in several chronic … associated with inflammation,
neurotoxicity, and oxidative stress. The … osmotic stress and cerebral oxidative/nitrosative stress …

… Excitotoxicity could cause a severe elevation in the cytoplasmic Ca 2+ ion, significant
oxidative/nitrosative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction in neurons and astrocytes. [ 4, 21, 22 ] …

… -induced oxidative stress plays a critical role in its neurotoxicity. Please refer to “Section 40.3”
for more information about the role of oxidative stress in NH 4 + -induced neurotoxicity and …

… naingin effectively reduced neurotoxicity by attenuating hyperammonemia… ammonia induced
neurotoxicity, initiate increased activity of glutamine synthetase, further reduce the ammonia …

… and ammonia. … induced neurotoxicity via attenuation of neurochemical, ATPase changes,
and inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity, ammonia release and oxidative/nitrosative stress …